| |
|
Fresh
Vegetables Recommended Pre-Cooling & Maintenance Environment
|
|||||||
|
Storage/Transit |
Relative
Humidity
(percent)
|
Approximate
Storage Life |
Highest
Freezing Point |
Acceptable
Pre-Cooling Methods
|
|||
| Commodity |
°C
|
°F
|
°C
|
°F
|
|||
| Artichokes, globe |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-3
weeks
|
-1.1
|
29.9
|
F, H, I |
| Artichokes, Jerusalem |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
4-5
months
|
-2.2
|
28
|
F, H, I |
| Asparagus |
0-2
|
32-35
|
95-100
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.6
|
30.9
|
H |
| Beans, dry |
4-10
|
40-50
|
40-50
|
6-10
months
|
--
|
--
|
H, F |
| Beans, green or snap |
4-7
|
40-45
|
95
|
7-10
days
|
-0.7
|
30.7
|
H, F |
| Beans, lima |
3-5
|
37-41
|
95
|
5-7
days
|
-0.6
|
31
|
H, F |
| Bean sprouts |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
7-9
days
|
--
|
--
|
H |
| Beets, bunched |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
10-14
days
|
-0.4
|
31.3
|
H, I, F |
| Beets, topped |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
4-6
months
|
-0.9
|
30.3
|
H, I |
| Broccoli |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
10-14
days
|
-0.6
|
30.9
|
I, H, F |
| Brussels sprouts |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
3-5
weeks
|
-0.8
|
30.5
|
H, F, I |
| Cabbage, early |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
3-6
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
V, F |
| Cabbage, late |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
5-6
months
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
V, F |
| Cabbage, Chinese |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-3
months
|
--
|
--
|
V, F |
| Carrots, bunched |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
H, I, F |
| Carrots, mature |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
7-9
months
|
-1.4
|
29.5
|
H, I, F |
| Carrots, Immature |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
4-6
weeks
|
-1.4
|
29.5
|
H, I, F |
| Cassava |
0-5
|
32-41
|
85-90
|
1-2
months
|
--
|
--
|
H, I, F |
| Cauliflower |
0
|
32
|
95-98
|
3-4
weeks
|
-0.8
|
30.6
|
F, V |
| Celeriac |
0
|
32
|
97-99
|
6-8
months
|
-0.9
|
30.3
|
H, WV, V |
| Celery |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
2-3
months
|
-0.5
|
31.1
|
H,WV, V |
| Chard |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
10-14
days
|
--
|
--
|
WV, R, F |
| Chicory, witloof |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-4
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
F |
| Collards |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
10-14
days
|
-0.8
|
30.6
|
WV, F, R |
| Corn, sweet |
0
|
32
|
95-98
|
5-8
days
|
-0.6
|
30.9
|
H, I, V, F |
| Cucumbers |
10-13
|
50-55
|
95
|
10-14
days
|
-0.5
|
31.1
|
F, R |
| Eggplants |
8-12
|
46-54
|
90-95
|
1
week
|
-0.8
|
30.6
|
F, R |
| Endive and escarole |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.1
|
31.9
|
WV, F, H |
| Garlic |
0
|
32
|
65-70
|
6-7
months
|
-0.8
|
30.5
|
R, F |
| Ginger |
13
|
55
|
65
|
6
months
|
--
|
--
|
F |
| Greens, leafy |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
10-14
days
|
--
|
--
|
WV, H, F |
| Horseradish |
-1
|
30-32
|
98-100
|
10-12
months
|
-1.8
|
28.7
|
H, I |
| Jicama |
13-18
|
55-65
|
65-70
|
1-2
months
|
--
|
--
|
H, I |
| Kale |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.5
|
31.1
|
WV, F |
| Kohlrabi |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
2-3
months
|
-1
|
30.2
|
|
| Leeks |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-3
months
|
-0.7
|
30.7
|
I, H |
| Lettuce |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.2
|
31.7
|
WV, V, F |
| Melons | |||||||
| Cantaloup (3/4-slip) |
2-5
|
36-41
|
95
|
15
days
|
-1.2
|
29.9
|
H, F, I |
| Cantaloup (full slip) |
0-2
|
32-36
|
95
|
5-14
days
|
-1.2
|
29.9
|
H, F, I |
| Casaba |
10
|
50
|
90-95
|
3
weeks
|
-1
|
30.1
|
H, F, I |
| Crenshaw |
7
|
45
|
90-95
|
2
weeks
|
-1
|
30.1
|
F, R |
| Honey Dew |
7
|
45
|
90-95
|
3
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.3
|
H, F, I |
| Persian |
7
|
45
|
90-95
|
2
weeks
|
-0.8
|
30.5
|
H, F, I |
| Watermelons |
10-15
|
50-60
|
90
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.4
|
31.3
|
H, F |
| Mushrooms |
0
|
32
|
95
|
3-4
days
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
F, V |
| Okra |
7-10
|
45-50
|
90-95
|
7-10
days
|
-1.8
|
28.7
|
H, F |
| Onion, green |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
3-4
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
I, H |
| Onion, dry |
0
|
32
|
65-70
|
1-8
months
|
-0.8
|
30.6
|
R |
| Onion, sets |
0
|
32
|
65-70
|
6-8
months
|
-0.8
|
30.6
|
R, F |
| Parsley |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-2.5
months
|
-1.1
|
30
|
I, H |
| Parsnips |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
4-6
months
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
H, I |
| Peas, green |
0
|
32
|
95-98
|
1-2
weeks
|
-0.6
|
30.9
|
F, V, I |
| Peas, southern |
4-5
|
40-41
|
95
|
6-8
days
|
--
|
--
|
F, V, I |
| Peppers, chili (dry) |
0-10
|
32-50
|
60-70
|
6
months
|
--
|
--
|
F, V, R |
| Peppers, sweet |
7-13
|
45-55
|
90-95
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.7
|
30.7
|
F, V, R |
| Potatoes, early crop |
90-95
|
-0.6
|
30.9
|
R, H | |||
| Potatoes, late crop |
90-95
|
5-10
months
|
-0.6
|
30.9
|
R, H | ||
| Pumpkins |
10-13
|
50-55
|
50-70
|
2-3
months
|
-0.8
|
30.5
|
R |
| Radishes, spring |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
3-4
weeks
|
-0.7
|
30.7
|
H, I, F |
| Radishes, winter |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-4
months
|
--
|
--
|
H, I, F |
| Rhubarb |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-4
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.3
|
H, WV |
| Rutabagas |
0
|
32
|
98-100
|
4-6
months
|
-1.1
|
30
|
H, I, F |
| Salsify |
0
|
32
|
95-98
|
2-4
months
|
-1.1
|
30
|
|
| Spinach |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
10-14
days
|
-0.3
|
31.5
|
WV, H, F |
| Squashes, summer |
5-10
|
41-50
|
95
|
1-2
weeks
|
-0.5
|
31.1
|
R, F |
| Squashes, winter |
10
|
50
|
50-70
|
-0.8
|
30.5
|
R, F | |
| Sweet potatoes |
13-16
|
55-60
|
85-90
|
4-7
months
|
-1.3
|
29.7
|
R, F |
| Tamarillos |
3-4
|
37-40
|
85-95
|
10
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
R, F |
| Taro (Dasheen) |
7-10
|
45-50
|
85-90
|
4-5
months
|
--
|
--
|
F, R |
| Tomatoes, mature-green |
13-21
|
55-70
|
90-95
|
1-3
weeks
|
-0.6
|
31
|
R, F |
| Tomatoes, firm-ripe |
8-10
|
46-50
|
90-95
|
4-7
days
|
-0.5
|
31.1
|
R, F |
| Turnips |
0
|
32
|
95
|
4-5
months
|
-1
|
30.1
|
H, I, F |
| Turnip greens |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
10-14
days
|
-0.2
|
31.7
|
WV, F |
| Waterchestnuts |
0-2
|
32-36
|
98-100
|
1-2
months
|
--
|
--
|
H, F |
| Watercress |
0
|
32
|
95-100
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.3
|
31.4
|
I, H |
| Yams |
16
|
61
|
70-80
|
6-7
months
|
--
|
--
|
R, H |
| Apples |
-5
|
30-40
|
90-95
|
1-12
months
|
-1.5
|
29.3
|
F, R |
| Apricots |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
1-3
weeks
|
-1
|
30.1
|
F |
| Avocados |
4.4-13
|
40-55
|
85-90
|
2-8
weeks
|
-0.3
|
31.5
|
H, F |
| Bananas, green |
13-14
|
56-58
|
90-95
|
-0.7
|
30.6
|
F | |
| Berries | |||||||
| Blackberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-3
days
|
-0.7
|
30.5
|
F |
| Blueberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2
weeks
|
-1.2
|
29.7
|
F |
| Cranberries |
2-4
|
36-40
|
90-95
|
2-4
months
|
-0.8
|
30.4
|
F |
| Currants |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
1-4
weeks
|
-1
|
30.2
|
F |
| Dewberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-3
days
|
-1.2
|
29.7
|
F |
| Elderberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
1-2
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
F |
| Gooseberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
3-4
weeks
|
-1
|
30
|
F |
| Loganberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-3
days
|
-1.2
|
29.7
|
F |
| Raspberries |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-3
days
|
-1
|
30
|
F |
| Strawberries |
0
|
32
|
90-95
|
5-7
days
|
-0.7
|
30.6
|
F |
| Carambola |
9-10
|
48-50
|
85-90
|
3-4
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
|
| Cherries, sour |
0
|
32
|
90-95
|
3-7
days
|
-1.7
|
29
|
H, F |
| Cherries, sweet |
-1
to -0.5
|
30-31
|
90-95
|
2-3
weeks
|
-1.8
|
28.8
|
H, F |
| Coconuts |
0-1.5
|
32-35
|
80-85
|
1-2
months
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
F |
| Dates |
-18
or 0
|
0
or 32
|
75
|
6-12
months
|
-15.7
|
3.7
|
F |
| Figs, fresh |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
85-90
|
7-10
days
|
-2.4
|
27.6
|
F |
| Grapefruit, Calif. & Ariz. |
14-15.5
|
58-60
|
85-90
|
6-8
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
R, F |
| Grapefruit, Fla. & Texas |
10-15
|
50-60
|
85-90
|
6-8
weeks
|
-1
|
30
|
R, F |
| Grapes, Vinifera |
-1
to -0.5
|
30-31
|
90-95
|
1-6
months
|
-2.1
|
28.1
|
F |
| Grapes, American |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
85
|
2-8
weeks
|
-1.2
|
29.7
|
F |
| Guavas |
5-10
|
41-50
|
90
|
2-3
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
F |
| Kiwifruit |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
3-5
months
|
-1.6
|
29
|
F |
| Lemons |
85-90
|
1-6
months
|
-1.4
|
29.4
|
R, F | ||
| Limes |
9-10
|
48-50
|
85-90
|
6-8
weeks
|
-1.6
|
29.1
|
R, F |
| Loquats |
0
|
32
|
90
|
3
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
F |
| Lychees |
1.5
|
35
|
90-95
|
3-5
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
F, H |
| Mangos |
13
|
55
|
85-90
|
2-3
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.3
|
F |
| Nectarines |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-4
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
F, H |
| Olives, fresh |
5-10
|
41-50
|
85-90
|
4-6
weeks
|
-1.4
|
29.4
|
F, R |
| Oranges, Calif. & Ariz. |
3-9
|
38-48
|
85-90
|
3-8
weeks
|
-1.2
|
29.7
|
R, F |
| Oranges, Fla. & Texas |
0-1
|
32-34
|
85-90
|
8-12
weeks
|
-0.7
|
30.6
|
R, F |
| Papayas |
7
|
45
|
85-90
|
1-3
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.4
|
F |
| Passion fruit |
7-10
|
45-50
|
85-90
|
3-5
weeks
|
--
|
--
|
F |
| Peaches |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-4
weeks
|
-0.9
|
30.3
|
F, H |
| Pears |
-1.5 to -0.5
|
29-31
|
90-95
|
2-7
months
|
-1.5
|
29.2
|
R, F |
| Persimmons, Japanese |
-1
|
30
|
90
|
3-4
months
|
-2.1
|
28.1
|
F |
| Pineapples |
7-13
|
45-55
|
85-90
|
2-4
weeks
|
-1.1
|
30
|
F |
| Plums and prunes |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90-95
|
2-5
weeks
|
-0.8
|
30.5
|
F, H |
| Pomegranates |
5
|
41
|
90-95
|
2-3
months
|
-3
|
26.6
|
F |
| Quinces |
-0.5
|
31-32
|
90
|
2-3
months
|
-2
|
28.4
|
|
| Tangerines, mandarins, & related citrus fruits |
4
| ||||||